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Plan for Deployment

You Spill, You Dig!
AN ENVIRONMENTAL HANDBOOK FOR DEPLOYMENT

http://www.denix.osd.mil/denix/Public/News/Army/Dig/cover.html
"YOU SPILL, YOU DIG!" 
An Environmental Handbook for Deployment 
Contract No. DACA90-97-D-0016 
D.O. 0007 
United States Army, Europe

QUICK REFERENCE
HOW DO I....

Plan for Deployment 

Get Stock Numbers for Supplies
Set Up/Maintain Maintenance Area
Set Up/Maintain a Fuel Point
Set Up/Maintain HW Collection Point
Provide Secondary Containment
Set Up/Maintain a HM Storage Area
Store Hazardous Materials 
Transport Hazardous Materials 
Block & Brace HM/HW 
Use Personal Protective Equipment 
Use a Spill Kit
Respond to a Spill
Report a Spill 
Dispose of Hazardous Waste 
Use an MSDS
Get More Information 

PREFACE
As a U.S. Soldier, you are the Army's first line of defense for protecting the environment. Doing the right thing for the environment is not always easy. Therefore, this handbook was developed to help you prevent environmental accidents during deployment operations. 

This handbook is a field expedient environmental guide for use when you are deployed. It will help you implement basic techniques in the areas of: PREVENTION and RESPONSE. The handbook contains clear examples of how to apply these techniques in order to protect the environment and contribute to the success of your mission.


TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART 1.
How To Use This Book 
Why Bother? 
What Are HM's & HW's? 

PART 2.
PRE-DEPLOYMENT 
Some Things to Prepare For 
Deployment Packing List 
DEPLOYMENT 
Vehicle Fueling & Maintenance Areas 
HW Collection Points 
HM Supply & Storage Areas
SUSTAINMENT 
Vehicle Fueling & Maintenance Areas 
HW Collection Points 
HM Supply & Storage Areas 
Other Areas
REDEPLOYMENT 
How To Clear Camp 
Labeling & Packaging 
Blocking & Bracing

PART 3.
SPILL PREPARATION 
Planning 
SPILL KITS
THE SPILL DRILL 
REACTing to a Minor Spill 
REACTing to an Intermediate Spill 
REACTing to a Major Spill 
Transmitting a Report 
Clean-up After the Spill Drill

APPENDICES
Appendix A -MSDS 
Appendix B - HM/HW Supplies 
Appendix C - Additional Information Resources 
Appendix D - References 
Appendix E - Response Card 
Summary
PART 1.
BACKGROUND 

How To Use This Book

Protecting the environment is the right thing to do. First and foremost because your health and the success of your mission depend on it. Properly applied environmental Prevention and Response techniques are not only required by your Commander, but they help keep you and the environment fit. This handbook will guide you step-by-step through each deployment phase and assist you in protecting yourself and the environment. This handbook is a basic guide for deploying and deployed soldiers. It is NOT a comprehensive reference for environmental protection. For example, the handbook will show you some of the proper ways to store hazardous materials (HM) and give you some of the most important reasons for doing so.

The handbook will also show you how NOT to store hazardous wastes (HW).

The handbook is divided into two main sections: 

Prevention & Response

Each section is color coded in the above colors to help you reach your information destination. Use these sections to help you plan your environmental activities while bedding down, initiating, sustaining and redeploying in the field. Remember, the U.S. Army is counting on you.

DRIP

LEAK

To begin, this handbook takes you through some of the reasons you might want to prevent and respond to HM/HW drips, leaks, and spills.

Why Bother?  In many contingency operations, you may be sent to a country where it seems that the local population cares little for the environment. Regardless of the behavior of locals, as a U.S. Soldier you are responsible for taking care of the environment. ITS THE RIGHT THING TO DO, BECAUSE...  It Protects Your Health  Hazardous materials can make you sick and permanently damage your skin, eyes, nose and throat. Careless handling of dangerous materials can expose you to contamination which may make you lose consciousness, cause brain damage, or lead to cancer.

It Supports the Mission:
The U.S. Army relies on the environment. The quality of the environment effects readiness, safety, military tactics, unit budgets, down time during field exercises, and relations with the local community. 

It Saves the U.S. Money: 
Pollution prevention can save the U.S. money by preventing medical bills and environmental clean-up costs. Money spent on clean-up leaves less money for training and equipment. Prevention ALWAYS costs less than clean up. 

It` s an Order: 
As stated in your OPLANS, OPORD and FRAGOS, you are under orders to protect the environment. If you violate these orders, or if you allow others to do so, you may be prosecuted by military authorities under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). 

DID YOU KNOW... Up to FIVE MILLION gallons of water can be contaminated from ONE gallon of spilled solvent.  In the U.S. alone, about 1,000 people die and 40,000 become sick each year from drinking water contaminated by HM that was improperly handled.

Environmental accidents damage the U.S. credibility abroad and can cost U.S. taxpayers millions of dollars in clean-up costs.
The key is to plan ahead for each stage of deployment in order to be prepared to PREVENT and RESPOND to HM/HW accidents if they occur. Your actions can have major adverse effects on the environment, your health, and the success of your mission. Protecting the environment goes beyond the protection of water and fish -- it could mean saving your life and the lives
of your buddies!

What Are HM's & HW's? 

Hazardous Materials: Any material that is a health or physical hazard or any material that, based on either chemical or physical characteristics (for example, it exhibits one of the characteristics in the table on the next page), is capable of posing a risk to human health or the environment if improperly disposed of, handled, stored or transported. An HM is also any material regulated by host nation authorities or specified by DA or USAREUR as hazardous, "special," or toxic. 

Hazardous Waste: 

Any discarded material (solid, liquid or gas) that: 

1.Has no further value and cannot be reused or recycled; and 
2.Is harmful to human health or the environment due to its quantity, concentration,
or biological, chemical or physical characteristics; and/or 
3.Exhibits one or more of the characteristics shown below. 

Contaminated or unusable fuel is a typical HM/HW common to deployment operations and should be handled, stored and disposed of properly. 



Other common types of HM/HW can be found below. 



TOP TEN

Ten of the most common HM/HW that you will encounter during deployment
operations include: 

Fuel
Engine Oil
Bleach or DS-2
Solvent
Anti-Freeze
Cherry Juice or Transmission Fluid
Used Oil Filters or Batteries
Empty POL Containers
Brake Fluid
Grease 

These materials should be handled, stored and disposed of properly. 

PART 2. 

SUSTAINMENT 
After initial deployment, you should plan to maintain a NO-CONTAMINATION BASE CAMP. You can do this by applying two basic concepts MONITORING & HOUSEKEEPING. This section provides you with checklists to cover the basics of monitoring and housekeeping. But first a brief discussion about what these two concepts mean: 

1. MONITORING 

Perform regular inspections of the common HM/HW areas to ensure that environmental protection measures are properly applied. 

2. HOUSEKEEPING 

As you perform your inspections, be sure that the environmental protection measures in place are kept clean and orderly. Proper housekeeping is key to maintaining a no-contamination Base Camp! 

An easy way to remember the what to check while monitoring and housekeeping is to
remember your CHECKlist: 

Containment: Is secondary containment used and in good condition? 

HM/HW locations: Have the locations for your HM/HW areas been well chosen
and have warning signs been put up? Are they clean and orderly? 

Environmental Documentation: Are MSDSs, Unit SOPs and Spill Response Plans
maintained? 

Containers: Are your containers in good condition and are the lids kept closed when
not in use? 

Kits: Did you place spill kits, first aid kits and emergency response kits in and around
the HM/HW areas? 

The CHECK lists on the following pages provide detailed reminders of what to keep
tabs on in specific HM/HW areas: Vehicle Fueling & Maintenance Areas; HW
Collection Points; and HM Supply & Storage Areas. 


Vehicle Fueling Points & Maintenance Areas 

Containment: 

___Place drip pans or absorbent pads under vehicles and place refueling nozzle in a drip pan. 

___Ensure that POL storage and waste areas have secondary containment and that they are in good condition. 

___Empty water within the secondary containment and dispose of it as HW -- at the HW collection point. 

HM/HW locations: 

___Make sure POL and Fuel storage areas are located away from living areas, bunkers, ammunition storage and dining areas and kept clean and orderly. 

____The first thing you should see when you approach HM/HW areas are warning signs. You must be able to read these signs from 50 feet away. 

Environmental Documentation: 

___Maintain MSDSs for each HM and keep Spill Response Plans and Unit SOPs handy.

___Label and date waste accumulation containers. 

Containers 

___Keep lids on containers when not in use and make sure that containers do not leak. 

___Empty containers in the vehicle maintenance HW collection points when or before
they are full. 

___Keep containers of incompatible materials separate and orderly. 

Kits: 

___Order new PPE, dry sweep, prevention tools and spill kits, if needed. 

___Use gloves and goggles during fueling operations. 

HW Collection Points

Containment:  ___Ensure secondary containment is in good condition.  ___Empty water within the secondary containment and dispose of water as HW -- at the HW collection point.

HM/HW locations: 

___Locate collection areas away from living areas, bunkers, ammunition storage and dining
areas. Keep these areas clean and orderly. 

____The first thing you should see when you approach HW areas are warning signs. You
must be able to read these signs from 50 feet away. 

___Keep areas clean and eliminate any hazards that could cause people to trip or fall. 

Environmental Documentation: 

___Keep Spill Response Plans and Unit SOPs handy. 

___Label and date waste accumulation containers. 

Containers 

___Check containers for leaks. 

___Empty HW from containers when they are full. 

___Make sure that lids are kept on containers when not in use. 

___Keep things in order. Batteries, aerosol cans, waste oils, solvents and other solid waste
must be kept separate from liquid waste. 

Kits: 

___Order new PPE, dry sweep, prevention tools and spill kits if needed. 

___Keep spill response equipment in good condition and make sure it is accessible. 

SPILL PREPARATION

You know that despite the best prevention you may run into difficulties and an accident may occur when you least expect it. To minimize contamination, hazards to people, and environmental damage you must REACT immediately. To help you prepare, this section will tell you: 

how to PLAN and be ready to respond to a problem; 
how to REACT to a minor, intermediate or major spill; 
what to do after a spill occurs. 

Every base should have a Spill Control Plan which tells you how to REACT to spills. As part of your plan, you should conduct drills on a periodic basis to prepare for a spill. You need to train so that you can respond to:  MINOR SPILLS (25 gallons or less)  INTERMEDIATE SPILLS  (from 26 to 55 gallons)

MAJOR SPILLS 

(more than 55 gallons OR any spill into water, where injuries occurred or where spills occurred off U.S. controlled property.) 

This handbook can serve as a reminder for you in these situations, but it is not a substitute for training! 

ATTENTION: Commanders may change these criteria for your station.

Planning for: 

MINOR SPILLS 

When on the move, keep some plastic bags in your vehicle and have your assigned On-Vehicle Equipment (OVE) ready for use. 
Maintain supplies, rags, absorbent pads, or other kinds of materials that will soak up spills on hard surfaces (like dry sweep) or know where you can easily get them, that will help. 
Keep Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) accessible (gloves, goggles, etc.). 

INTERMEDIATE & MAJOR SPILLS 

In addition to the procedures above: 

Know where to go for help. 
Know where spill kits are kept and learn how to use them (see following section). 



SPILL KITS

Spill Kits should be maintained in and around all locations where HM/HW are stored, handled or disposed of. Various types of kits can be ordered through the Army Supply System (see Appendix B) and should include: rubber gloves, safety goggles, putty, rubber mallet, wooden plugs, absorbent booms, absorbent pads, plastic bags, and in some cases a disposal barrel. 

THE SPILL DRILL

The hazards faced in a spill, minor to major, could be significant and ruin your whole
day. You should have already been trained to always: 

1.Protect yourself by using your PPE including: gloves, goggles and suits; and
extinguish all cigarettes--SAFETY FIRST! 

2.Do the Spill Drill -- REACT! A helpful reminder of what you should do is: 

REMOVE THE SOURCE 
ENVELOP THE SPILL 
ABSORB/ACCUMULATE 
CONTAINERIZE THE HW 
TRANSMIT A REPORT 


REACTING TO A MINOR SPILL

After you have protected yourself from exposure: 

REMOVE THE SOURCE

If it is dripping: stop the drip with a wooden plug or putty. 
If it is from a leaky connection: tighten the connection or replace the broken parts. 

ENVELOP THE SPILL

If it is flowing, put an absorbent sock or pad down to catch the flow. 
Use your shovel to build a small dam or berm. 

ABSORB/ACCUMULATE

On a hard surface put down dry sweep. 
On a gravel or mud surface, lay an absorbent sock or pad on the spill. 

CONTAINERIZE IT

Place used absorbent material in a plastic bag or container. 
Use your OVE shovel or entrenching tool to dig up the contaminated soil and place it in a container or plastic bag. Be sure to bring the container or bag to a proper HW collection point. 

TRANSMIT A REPORT

Tell your boss or supervisor what you spilled and what you did about it. 

By REACTing quickly, you eliminate hazards that could cause injury. You also give the spill less of a chance to seep into the ground, which makes cleanup easier and helps protect water resources. 

REACTING TO AN INTERMEDIATE SPILL

REMOVE THE SOURCE 

Attempt to stop the flow from the container. 
Place the leaking container into another container or try to catch the leak with another container 
Secure the area. 

ENVELOP THE SPILL 

Break out the nearest spill response kit. 
Put the booms at the bottom of the flow or 
Dig a dike/berm to stop the flow into streams. 

Part 3:

PREVENTION
Vehicle Maintenance and Fueling Points, HW Collection Points and HM Storage & Supply Areas may not be set up at your deployment destination. So PLAN to build your areas to prevent HM accidents before they occur. Remember the following:

HM/HW AREA LOCATION - Locate HM/HW areas away from living areas,
bunkers, ammunition storage, fence lines and/or dining facilities. Place them near the areas where HM are used.

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) - Keep MSDSs for each HM
stored or collected at HM/HW areas.

UNIT ENVIRONMENTAL SOP & SPILL RESPONSE PLAN - Place SOP
and Spill Response Plan at each HM/HW area.

COMPATIBILITY OF MATERIALS - Store and/or dispose of each class of HM/HW separately. MSDSs describe the classification of HMs. Four common classification include Flammable (fuels), Corrosives (acids), Reactive (explosives) and Toxic (insecticides).

BEFORE you deploy, plan to pack drip pans, rags, plastic, dry sweep, absorbent, and pallets to prevent drips, spills, and leaks from seeping into the ground and contaminating soil and water resources.

SECONDARY CONTAINMENT - All liquid HM/HW must have secondary containment. In order for it to be effective it
must:

1.Hold 10% of the total HM/HW stored or 100% of the largest container. 

2.Have sand and/or pallets placed in certain areas to protect the liner. 

3.Have overhead cover -- see example below. 



You should continually keep your HM/HW areas clean and orderly by applying the principals of Monitoring and Housekeeping. An easy way to remember what to check, is to remember your CHECK list:

Containment: 

___Ensure that secondary containment is used and in good condition. 
___Empty water within secondary containment on a regular basis and dispose of it as HW - at the HW collection
point. 

HM/HW locations: 

___Make sure the locations of your HM/HW are well chosen.
___Put up warning signs and keep them clean and orderly.

Environmental Documentation: 

___Maintain MSDSs for each HM and update Unit SOPs and Spill Response Plans regularly.

Containers: 

___Check condition of containers and keep containers of incompatible materials in proper order.

Kits: 

___Place Spill Kits, First Aid Kits and Emergency Response Kits in the vicinity of HM/HW areas.

CHECK the Environmental Handbook for Deployment for more detailed reminders of what to keep tabs on during
deployment. 

Appendix A

Material Safety Data Sheet 

Introduction 

No matter where you deploy, chances are you will use a HM. You should know the hazards associated with the materials you use. Environmental and safety laws require chemical manufacturers to provide this information on a form called a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Important information about the HMs you use is listed on this form. There are various
versions of the MSDS, however each version contains the same basic information. There should be one of these forms for every chemical in each area where HMs are located. 

Material Safety Data Sheet Contents 

MSDSs give you the details on the dangers associated with HMs. The MSDS also provides you with information on safety procedures to use when handling HMs or when faced with an emergency situation. 

With this information you can 

Protect yourself 
Protect your buddies 
Store materials safely 
REACT to spills correctly. 

Although they contain technical information, you do not need to be an expert to get the information you need. This handbook will show you where to get important information. The following pages show sections of an actual MSDS pulled from the internet. In this case, the MSDS is for an oil product. 


Identity Information 

In case you need more information than the MSDS contains, the identity section gives you the name and address of the company that makes the HM. It also includes the phone numbers to call for information in an emergency. 

SHELL OIL - AEROSHELL OIL W-120 

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 

FSC: 9150 

NIIN: 00F000568 

Manufacturer's CAGE: 54527 

Part No. Indicator: A 

Part Number/Trade Name: AEROSHELL OIL W-120 

General Information 

Company's Name: SHELL OIL COMPANY 

Company's Emerg Ph #: 713/473-9561 

Record No. For Safety Entry: 001 

Tot Safety Entries This Stk#: 001 

Date MSDS Prepared: 01JAN85 

Hazardous Ingredients 

This section tells you what the material`s hazardous ingredients, chemical I.D. and common names are. Worker exposure limits are also listed in this section. 

Ingredients/Identity Information 

Proprietary: NO 

Ingredient: DISPERSANT 

Ingredient Sequence Number: 01 

NIOSH (RTECS) Number: 1001523DA 

Proprietary: NO 

Ingredient: ANTIOXIDANT 

Ingredient Sequence Number: 02 

NIOSH (RTECS) Number: 1000125AO 

Proprietary: NO 

Ingredient: MINERAL OIL (EXPOSURE REGULATED AS 'OIL MIST') 

Ingredient Sequence Number: 03 

NIOSH (RTECS) Number: PY8030000 

CAS Number: 8012-95-1 

OSHA PEL: 5 MG/M3 

Physical / Chemical Characteristics 

This section contains information to help you identify the substance (such as its appearance and odor). It also contains information about whether the HM dissolves or floats in water, and its boiling point (BP). 

The BP tells you whether the product will produce vapors at room temperature. If the number is lower than 70°F vapors are a problem and you should use the product in a well ventilated area or wear a respirator. 

If the weight of the HM (also known as specific gravity) is defined as less than 1, the product will float in water while a number greater than 1 indicates the product will sink. This is import to consider for fire fighting purposes. 

Vapor density tells you whether the fumes from the product will rise to the ceiling (numbers less than 1) or sink to the floor (numbers greater than 1). Products with vapor pressures greater than 10 mm are an explosive hazard. 

Physical/Chemical Characteristics 

Appearance And Odor: AMBER COLORED OIL, SLIGHT ODOR. Boiling Point:>600; 

Specific Gravity:1.0003 Solubility In Water: INSOLUBLE; Vapor Density: >1 

Fire / Explosion Hazard Data 

This section tells you how to REACT in case of a fire or explosion. It lists things such as fire-fighting equipment and procedures required in case of fire. You should carefully read the information on flash point. The flash point is the temperature at which the material could ignite if a spark is present. 

Fire and Explosion Hazard Data 

Flash Point: 510F, C.O.C. 

Extinguishing Media: DRY CHEMICAL TYPE PREFERRED. 

Special Fire Fighting Proc: NONE 

Unusual Fire And Expl Hazrds: NONE 

Reactivity Data 

Some things just do not mix well! This section informs you about dangerous chemical reactions (such as explosion, corrosion, or fire) which could occur if the HM is combined with another substance. This section tells you which substances and situations to avoid when storing or using HMs. 

Reactivity Data 

Stability: YES 

Hazardous Decomp Products: CARBON MONOXIDE CAN BE FORMED DURING COMBUSTION. 

Hazardous Poly Occur: NO 

Spill or Leak Procedures 

This section tells you what to do if a HM spills or leaks. It includes equipment and procedures to use for cleaning up spills and leaks. This also includes how to dispose of the substances after clean up. 

Precautions for Safe Handling and Use 

Steps If Matl Released/Spill: ABSORB WITH CLAY, DIATOMACEOUS EARTH, OR OTHER INERT MATERIAL. 

Waste Disposal Method: CONTROLLED BURNING. 

Precautions-Handling/Storing: NO SPECIAL 

Health Hazards Data 

This section informs you how HMs can enter your body (such as through inhaling, skin contact or ingestion). The threshold limit value (TLV) tells you how hazardous the product is and whether the product requires special ventilation. The letters PPM stand for Parts Per Million. Generally the lower the ppm number the more hazardous the product is to your health. 

TLVs greater than 100 ppm are generally safe to use and store indoors, while those with numbers less than 100 ppm require ventilation systems or can only be used and stored outside. 

Health Hazard Data 

Signs/Symptoms Of Overexp: SLIGHT IRRITATION TO EYES AND SKIN. 

Emergency/First Aid Proc: SKIN: REMOVE OIL BY WIPING OR APPLYING WATERLESS 

HAND CLEANER, FOLLOWED BY WASHING WITH SOAP 

ACGIH TLV: 5 MG/M3/10 STEL;9192 

Special Protection Information 

This section provides information on how you can protect yourself (and other soldiers) from exposure to hazardous materials.

Control Measures 

Respiratory Protection: NONE NORMALLY REQUIRED. 

Ventilation: AS REQUIRED IF MIST IS BEING GENERATED, LOCAL EXHAUST 

Protective Gloves: NOT NEEDED 

Eye Protection: GOGGLES IF BEING SPRAYED 

Suppl. Safety & Health Data: MANUFACTURER STATES AEROSHELL OIL W-120 IS A MINERAL OIL WHICH CONTAINS SMALL AMOUNTS OF ANTIOXIDANT AND DISPERSANT. IT IS NOT HAZARDOUS BY U.S. DEPT OF LABOR DEFINITION. 

Special Handling and Storing Precautions 

This section tells you how to handle, store, and transport HMs. 
Disposal Data 

Disposal Data Review Date: 90016 

Rec # For This Disp Entry: 01 

Tot Disp Entries Per NSN: 001 

Landfill Ban Item: YES 

Disposal Supplemental Data: MANUFACTURER STATES AEROSHELL OIL W-120 IS A MINERAL OIL WHICH CONTAINS SMALL AMOUNTS OF ANTIOXIDANT AND DISPERSANT. IT IS NOT HAZARDOUS BY U.S. DEPT OF LABOR DEFINITIONS. IN CASE OF ACCIDENTAL EXPOSURE OR DISCHARGE, CONSULT HEALTH AND SAFETY FILE FOR PRECAUTIONS. 

1st EPA Haz Wst Name New: NOT REGULATED 

1st EPA Haz Wst Char New: NOT REGULATED BY RCRA 

1st EPA Acute Hazard New: NO 

Conclusion 

All MSDSs do not look alike. There are various versions of the MSDS form, however, each version contains the same basic information. The MSDS provides you with the most important information you need to know concerning the hazards of a particular HM. You should read the MSDS before you start any job using HMs. You should also know where to find the MSDSs for the HMs you use in your work area. 
Appendix B 

Hazardous Material / Hazardous Wastes Supplies 

Containers (DOT or Equivalent) 

NSN ITEM 

8105-00-848-9631 Bag.Plyolefin. 5 ml. 36 x 54 inch 
8125-00-174-0852 Bottle. Plastic 1 gal. (Polyethylene) 
8125-00-731-6016 Bottle. Plastic 13 gal. 
8125-00-888-7069 Bottle. Plastic 5 gal. 
8110-00-254-5719 Drum. Steel. 1 gal. 
8100-00-128-6819 1 gal. steel drum (17C)* 
8110-00-254-5722 4 gal. steel drum* 
8110-00-282-2520 5 gal. steel drum (17C)* 
8110-00-254-5713 Drum, steel, 6 gal. (w/Ring)* 
8110-01-204-8697 Pail shipping steel 5 gal. (DOT 17E)* 
8110-00-519-5618 Drum steel 10 gallon (DOT 17C)* 
8110-00735-4643 19 gal. steel drum (17C)* 
8110-00-366-6809 30 gal. steel drum (17C)* 
8110-00-030-7779 30 gallon steel drum* 
8110-00-030-7780 50 gal. steel drum (17C)* 
8110-00-823-8121 55 gal. steel drum (17M)* 
8110-00-030-9783 Drum steel 55 gal. (Bung & Vent) (DOT 17E)* 
8110-01-282-7615 Drum polyethylene 55 gal* 
8110-01-101-4055 85 gal. steel Disposal drum (no lining)* 
8110-01-101-4056 85 gal. steel Recovery drum 8Expoxy Phenolic lining)* 
8110-01-101-4055 Drum hazardous material* 

*Refers to Open Top Containers 

For Bung Container refer to FEDLOG or contact your G-4 


Absorbents

NSN ITEM 

7930-00-296-1272 Clay ground (UL-bag) 
1939-01-154-7001 Non Skid Absorbent (UL-40 bag skid) 
5640-00-801-4176 Insulation Thermal Vermiculite (Ul bag) (packaging material) 
4235-01-423-1466 Loose Absorbent 1 CF Bag (4 ea. per box) 
4235-01-423-0711 Loose Absorbent 2 CF Bag (3 ea. per case) 
4235-01-423-1463 Pads, 18 x 18 x 3 in. (30 ea. per box) 
4235-01-423-1465 Socks, 4 in. x 8 ft. (10 ea. per box) 
4235-01-423-1467 Socks, 2 in. x 10 ft. (20 per box) 
4235-01-423-2787 Boom w/ clamps, 10 in. x 10 ft. 


Spill Kits 

NSN ITEM 

4235-01-432-7909 Includes: 4 ea. 18 in. x 18 in. pads, 2ea. 2 in. x 5 ft. socks, 1 ea. 3/4 CF bags, 2 ea. waste disposal bags, 1 ea. water resistant nylon tote bag 
4235-01-432-7912 Includes: 25 gal. drum with seven 8x18x3-in. pads, one 4-in.x8-ft. sock, two 4-in.x4-ft. socks, one 3/-cu. ft. bag, two Tyvek suits, two pair nitrile gloves, one pair safety goggles and three disposable bags. 
4235-01-423-7214 Includes: 55-gal drum with fifteen 18x18x3-in. pads, two 4-in.x8-ft. socks, two 4-in.x4-ft. socks, three 3/4-cu. ft. bags, three Tyvek suits, three pair nitrile gloves, three pair safety goggles and five disposal bags. 
4235-01-423-7221 Includes: 55-gal drum with ten 18x18x3-in. pads, five 2x10-ft. socks, five 3/4-cu. ft. bags, two quarts of emulsifier, two pair nitrile gloves, one folding shovel, one 3.5-gal. bucket, two Tyvek suits, two pair safety goggles, one scoop, five disposal bags.
Appendix C 

Additional Information Resources 

During deployment, equipment and personnel are constantly on the move. Some of your supplies may not have been delivered yet. And in some cases, you may not have packed the right materials to carry out your mission. When you need help managing HM/HW, the following resources can assist you with your needs. 

1.Materials 

Most deployments involve movement of your unit and equipment through various staging areas and transient base camps until you reach your final position. These camps have either a military commander, or perhaps a "mayor" who can tell you where to obtain the basic construction materials needed to provide the simple secondary containment and other preventive measures that you require. 

In a modern military deployment, there are a host of military and civilian contingents that can help support your HM/HW program. Some of these organizations include: 

# US Navy SEABEE construction teams 

# US Air Force RED HORSE construction units 

# US Army Engineer battalions 

# Civilian contractors building base camps 

They can provide you with the items you need for the short term. 

Another source is your Field Ordering Officer (FOO) and Class A Agent. These soldiers have the responsibility of ordering low cost items necessary for your unit to operate in the field. You must be sure that the FOO understands that the use of these materials is required to comply with your orders to protect the environment. 

2.Technical Personnel 

When you are not sure what should be done, you can always request assistance from various technical personnel. Each base camp or transient location should have access to qualified environmental personnel. 

# Base Camp Commander or Mayors office. Depending on the technical need, they should be able to refer you to the civilian or military person with the technical expertise you require. If this does not work, follow the chain of command. 

# U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Field Office or a Base Camp Construction Agency (BCCA). Generally, base camps are supported by either a Corps of Engineers Field Office or a Base Camp Construction Agency (BCCA). These people act in a capacity similar to the Department of Public Works (DPW) at home station. They are there to assist your Unit accomplish its mission successfully. 

# Civilian contractor. It is recommended that you go through your chain of command first before contacting a contractor. However, these civilians are there to provide operational and support services. They are usually under contract to provide HM/HW disposal services and have technically qualified personnel on their staff. 

# Headquarters. Your next higher headquarters should have access to the US Army Corps of Engineers technical expert for environmental matters who is directly responsible for your deployment. 

3.Reference Material 

# This handbook. In Appendix D there is a list of applicable Technical Manuals, Regulations and Policies. If you need more information, look further in this book. 

# Technical Personnel. For a specialized problem, contact the on-site or in- country technical personnel as detailed above. They may have access to the material that you need. 

# U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Field Office or a Base Camp Construction Agency (BCCA). These folks have reference material and information gained from other contingency operations and are ready and willing to provide you with this data. 

# Internet. If you have access to a computer and the Internet, the US Department of Defense publishes useful technical information on the Internet. Be sure to visit the Defense Environmental Network and Information Exchange (DENIX) at http://www.denix.osd.mil and the DoD Environmental Resources homepage at http://www.dtic.mil/envirodod/dodenvir.html. See Appendix D for further Internet addresses, including where you can access MSDSs. 
Appendix D 

References 

Literature and Technical Manuals 
TC-5-400, 3 October 1995, Unit Leader`s Handbook for Environmental 
July 1997, Expedient Guide to the Environment for OJE. 
TM 38-410, May 1992, Storage and Handling of Hazardous Materials. 
GTA 5-8-2, November 1995. Environmental Risk Assessment 
FM 20-401, June 1997 - DRAFT, Soldier`s Handbook for Environmental Stewardship. 
TG-217, June 1996 DRAFT USACHPPM Hazardous Material / Hazardous Waste Management Guidance for Maneuver Brigades During Field and Contingency Operations. 


Internet 

DoD Environmental Resources Homepage: 
http://www.dtic.mil/envirodod/dodenvir.html

HQDA Environmental Programs: 
http://www.hqda.army.mil/

MSDSs On The Internet 
http://www.ilpi.com/msds/index.html

The Defense Environmental Network and Information Exchange: 
http://denix.cecer.army.mil/denix/denix.html

US Army Environmental Center: 
http://aec-www.apgea.army.mil:8080

US Corps of Engineers 
http://www.USACE.army.mil


Army Regulations 

There are two types of laws that may apply to you in contingency operations: FEDERAL and HOST NATION. Federal Laws are enacted by Congress and enforced by agencies like the U.S. Army. Therefore, U.S. Army regulations are based on federal laws. Relevant regulations include: 

Army Regulation 200-2 describes how environmental considerations influence planning and decision making. 

Army Regulation 200-3 the Army Natural Resource management plan, including threatened and endangered species. 

Each base camp should have an environmental SOP that combines all environmental law and regulations into a single set of environmental guidelines. The SOP should tell you how to comply with the law. Environmental SOP`s are based on the guidelines specified in the regulations. 


Important Federal Environmental Laws 

The Army's environmental regulations are based on federal law. There are seven environmental laws that apply to your everyday activity. They include: 

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 
Clean Air Act 
Clean Water Act 
National Historic Preservation Act 
Endangered Species Act 
Federal Facilities Compliance Act
SUMMARY:
Be prepared to respond immediately to any spill situation. Keep your Unit's Environmental SOP and Spill
Response Plan (SRP) readily available at the main HM/HW areas. The SRP should ensure that the following
measures are implemented, if not then implement them yourself:

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) - At the entrance of every HM/HW area, keep a supply of PPE to protect hands, eyes, skin, ears, head, feet and lungs. If you are unsure about which items you need, consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for the HMs that you are using. 

MSDS - Make sure that MSDSs are available in order to REACT to spills safely and effectively. 

SPILL STATIONS - Maintain spill response equipment at a station near (not inside of) HM/HW areas. They should contain: First Aid Kits, Fire Extinguishers, Spill Response Kits, and Emergency PPE. 

TRAINING - Improve your readiness by practicing the SPILL DRILL on a regular basis and be sure to know the spill reporting process.


Respond to spills, major or minor, immediately in order to eliminate hazards that could cause personal injury
and/or environmental damage. In any spill situation: 

1.Safety First! -- Protect yourself by using PPE, including goggles, gloves, and suits. THEN... 

2.Do the SPILL DRILL -- REACT: 

REMOVE THE SOURCE

Plug the drip or leak and stop the spill.

ENVELOP THE SPILL

Place absorbent booms around the spill area or build an
earthen dam, when appropriate, around the spill.

ABSORB/ACCUMULATE

Place appropriate absorbent material (dry sweep, pads, etc.) on the spill in the middle of the
boomed-off area.

CONTAINERIZE THE HW

Use a shovel to place contaminated materials (including soil, booms, pads or other materials) in a
plastic bag or a waste drum.

TRANSMIT A REPORT

If a spill is too large to handle alone - REACT as best you can and get help! 

PREVENTION
Vehicle Maintenance and Fueling Points, HW Collection Points and HM Storage & Supply Areas may not be set up at your deployment destination. So PLAN to build your areas to prevent HM accidents before they occur. Remember the following:

HM/HW AREA LOCATION - Locate HM/HW areas away from living areas, bunkers, ammunition storage, fence lines and/or dining facilities. Place them near the areas where HM are used.

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) - Keep MSDSs for each HM stored or collected at HM/HW areas. UNIT ENVIRONMENTAL SOP & SPILL RESPONSE PLAN - Place SOP and Spill Response Plan at each HM/HW area. COMPATIBILITY OF MATERIALS - Store and/or dispose of each class of HM/HW separately. MSDSs describe the classification of HMs. Four common classification include Flammable (fuels), Corrosives (acids), Reactive (explosives) and Toxic (insecticides).

BEFORE you deploy, plan to pack drip pans, rags, plastic, dry sweep, absorbent, and pallets to prevent drips, spills, and leaks from seeping into the ground and contaminating soil and water resources.

SECONDARY CONTAINMENT - All liquid HM/HW must have secondary containment. In order for it to
be effective it must:

1.Hold 10% of the total HM/HW stored or 100% of the largest container. 

2.Have sand and/or pallets placed in certain areas to protect the liner. 

3.Have overhead cover -- see example below. 

You should continually keep your HM/HW areas clean and orderly by applying the principals of Monitoring and Housekeeping. An easy way to remember what to check, is to remember your CHECK list:

Containment: 

___Ensure that secondary containment is used and in good condition. 
___Empty water within secondary containment on a regular basis and dispose of it as HW - at the HW
collection point. 

HM/HW locations: 

___Make sure the locations of your HM/HW are well chosen.
___Put up warning signs and keep them clean and orderly.

Environmental Documentation: 

___Maintain MSDSs for each HM and update Unit SOPs and Spill Response Plans regularly.

Containers: 

___Check condition of containers and keep containers of incompatible materials in proper order.

Kits: 

___Place Spill Kits, First Aid Kits and Emergency Response Kits in the vicinity of HM/HW areas.

CHECK the Environmental Handbook for Deployment for more detailed reminders of what to keep tabs on
during deployment.